“Man” is the one who orders the world and produces a picture of the world
Democritus' systematic materialist theory held that reality consists only of "atoms and void" (void: universe，space)
Epicurus ascribed a dynamic freedom to atoms through what he identified as the unpredictable swerve of atoms.
What draws all these theories under the one umbrella "materialism" is an understanding or theory of the world asserting that: all entities and processes, including human beings, "are composed of- or are reducible to- matter, material forces or physical processes"
he new materialist discourse derives its urgency from the ethical, ecological and political imperatives that loom as a consequence of this view of the world.
Things- beyond- objects
The subject, it seems, has come to care too much for itself. Put simply, the idea that the world is a passive resource for use by active humans is no longer sustainable.
rethinking of the relationship between humans and non- humans
New materialism aims to return to matter, the vivacity denied by social constructivist theories that posit all social processes and, indeed reality itself, as socially and ideologically constituted.
Whilst each artistic form has a unique relation to the matter of things, the humanist view of relationship of matter to form was codified in modernism's notion "truth to materials".
In 1911, the modernist visual art critic Roger Fry claimed that in order to get at material beauty it is "necessary to respect the life and quality of the material itself".
Key word:
world of ideal form, practical world
humanist
metaphysics
man- as- subject (sujectum)
anthropocentric
science and faith, god and materialism
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